Top 5 Different types of sand | Sources & Classification

 

Sand is one of the prior materials for Making Concrete. If the modular size of Fine Aggregate is less than 0.07 mm, then it is called Sand. So, it is used as a fine aggregate in mortar and concrete. 

Sources of sand determine the quality of sand. Choose the best sand for construction from among these 5 types of sand with a classification of each sand

Sand is nothing but a granular form of Silica. The Sand used in Construction should be quartz (silicon dioxide), light grey or whitish variety and should be free from silt. The Fineness or Particle size of the sand should be in such a way that when the sand passed through 2-mm IS sieve, it should be retained fully on 90-micron IS sieve.

Types of Sand & Classifications:

Sand can be classified on various basis. They are as follows:

On the Basis of Mineral Composition: Depending upon the mineral composition, Sand can be classified into quartz, felspar and carbonaceous types

On the Basis of Particle Size: Depending upon the Particle Size of Sand, it can be divided into three.

If the Fineness Modulus (F.M) lies between 2.90 to 3.20, it is named as Coarse Sand

If the Fineness Modulus (F.M) lies between 2.60 to 2.90, it is called as Medium Sand

If the Fineness Modulus (F.M) lies between 2.20 to 2.60, it is defined as Fine Sand

On the Basis of Source: Depending upon the Source of Sand, it can be classified into three

Due to the natural disintegration of rocks or stream depositions, Natural Sand is formed.

By crushing the hard stones, Crushed Sand is Obtained.

By crushing the natural gravel, Crushed Gravel Sand is Produced.

On the Basis of Particle Size Distribution: Particle Size Distribution is nothing but the percentage of fine sand obtained when 100% sand passed through the various micron sieves. On the basis of the particle size distribution, they are divided into four, they are Grading Zone I, II, III and IV.

Types of Sand cannot be Categorised into a specific number as it is available in a number of forms on Earth. A few types can be listed based upon the market availability as below:

River Sand: It is clearly known from its name that it is the sand obtained from the banks of the river and river beds. This sand is found in the purest form as it is obtained from the running water and is round, fine, polished due to water friction. This is the best in all types of sand used in Construction works but especially recommended for Plastering works due to its naturally profound properties.

Sea Sand: It is obtained from Seashores. This sand is also fine, polished and round. It cannot be used directly in Construction as it contains salt which the weakens the strength of the mortar and delays setting time of cement. If this sand is free from salts, it can be used for all civil engineering works.



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